Amelia Schafer and Kevin Abourezk
ICT + Rapid City Journal
RAPID CITY, S.D. – Brandon Brave Heart stood just outside the powwow arbor late on the night of August 2.
It was after 10 p.m. and the Oglala Lakota Nation Wacipi and Fair was abuzz with people dancing, drumming and visiting with friends and relatives. It was the second night of the annual powwow in Pine Ridge, South Dakota, and Brave Heart was visiting with a friend when he heard several loud pops.
The 40-year-old Lakota man and his friend looked at each other. “Are those real shots?” he asked his friend. Like a scene in a movie, people began fleeing in all directions – mothers grabbed their children’s arms, teenage dancers inside the arbor rushed off the dance ground.
Brave Heart ran toward his drum group to look for his family, but when he got there, his two brothers, nieces, nephews and other family members weren’t there. Men, women, children and elders lay on the ground near the powwow drum. Mothers and grandmothers hovered over the children and grandchildren, many of whom were crying.
Brave Heart thought of his five children and wife at home, but decided in that moment to run toward where he had the gunshots, hoping he could help somehow.
Elsewhere in the powwow arbor, the gunshots sent Karin Eagle running toward the west side of the arbor where her infant granddaughter, daughter and nephew had been sitting, not far from where the shooting had occurred.
Like so many others, the 51-year-old Oglala woman didn’t know what was going on. Was it a mass shooting? Was anyone injured?
The powwow arbor, an open-air, circular structure inside which dancers competed, was filled with chaos.
Eagle, a longtime women’s traditional dancer, had been asked to judge the women’s dancing competitions. When the shots rang out, she was in the middle of judging the teen girl’s traditional contest. Over a dozen girls danced inside the arena.
Midway through the competition, around 10:15 pm, Eagle heard several loud pops and saw people running from the arbor. Many of the teen dancers reacted slowly, not realizing what was happening, and some even had to be pulled from the arena by their loved ones. For some, the sound of the drum and singers drowned out the gunshots.
Through the dusty haze, Eagle screamed for the dancers to run and then she ran to the arena’s west side.
Once she knew her family was safe, she went toward where the shots were fired. There she found elders stuck in their chairs, unable to get down and move to safety.
“I thought, if I can’t pick them up and carry them to safety, the least I can do is help them get down. I wanted them to know somebody cared about them,” Eagle said.
All around her, she saw community members helping those in need. A young couple shielded children who’d been separated from their families, others helped elders. Eagle said she didn’t see anyone who wasn’t helping.
“I saw a lot of that, a lot of heroes,” Eagle said.
Nearby, she saw a man lying on the ground, surrounded by paramedics and powwow security. She heard someone say he had been shot. A young woman stood crying near him.
When Brave Heart got to the scene of the shooting, he saw people clustered around someone lying on the ground. He walked up to the crowd. As he got closer, a first-responder stepped to the side, and he recognized the injured man. As he stepped toward him, Tom Thunder Hawk – bleeding profusely and in pain – reached his hand up to Brave Heart, who grabbed it.
“You’re going to be okay bro,” Brave Heart told his friend.
“It hurts, it hurts” came the man’s weak reply.
He held his friend’s hand until paramedics arrived, loaded Thunder Hawk into an ambulance and drove away. It was only then he noticed the powwow arena – just minutes before filled with the sounds of laughing children, booming drums and Lakota song – was empty and quiet.
‘It all snowballs into this’
In the hours after the shooting, powwow organizers and tribal officials met and decided to continue the powwow the next day. To ensure nothing else happened, they had metal detectors brought in, large bags were banned from the powwow grounds, and police officers from other tribes came to help out.
Two days after the shooting, Tom Thunder Hawk died.
The 56-year-old Lakota man was a well-known and respected member of the Porcupine District, one of the nine political districts on the Pine Ridge Reservation. It’s a small community of about 1,000 people nestled in the middle of the 2.1 million-acre reservation.
Thunder Hawk was a tokala or warrior, Oglala Sioux Tribe President Frank Star Comes Out told ICT and the Rapid City Journal. As a tokala, it was his duty to protect others.
Thunder Hawk was shot when attempting to break up a fight. It was an isolated shooting, not an attempted mass shooting, and tribal police arrested a suspect as he attempted to leave the scene in a vehicle, Star Comes Out said. Tribal authorities have provided no further information about the investigation into the shooting.
In 2006, federal officials drastically reduced funding for the tribe’s public safety programs, frustrating the tribe’s efforts to stop violent crime, including shootings. Star Comes Out said those funding cuts forced the tribe to reduce its tribal police force from 120 in 2006 to around 30 today.
Following the shooting, the tribal president placed some of the blame for the attack on the loss of federal funding for his tribe’s public safety efforts.
“It all snowballs into this,” Star Comes Out said. “So what do we do now? What are the next steps?”
In November, the tribe declared a state of emergency regarding public safety, but not much has changed since.
“My prayers go out to the Thunder Hawk family,” Star Comes Out said. “We’ll be looking into measures and features to prevent this from happening again. Pray for all the tribes that have powwows coming.”
One last prayer
From their home in Porcupine, Thunder Hawk’s family has begun planning his funeral services.
A three-night wake service will start at noon August 14 at the Porcupine School Gym, followed by a 1 p.m. funeral on August 17 at the gym and burial services afterward.
In the days following his death, those close to the Thunder Hawk family have worked to fulfill their duties as Lakota relatives and provide support to the wife and children he left behind.
Santee Witt, 49, will host a Native American Church Devotion Service at 7 p.m. August 14 at the Porcupine School Gym in honor of Thunder Hawk and with help of two other church leaders will host a Native American Church funeral meeting at 7 p.m. August 16 at the gym.
“It gives the family a chance to express something because he hears, he knows before he makes his ultimate journey,” Witt said.
In many ways, Witt lived a life in unison with Tom Thunder Hawk.
Both men served as cultural educators for Pine Ridge Reservation schools. Thunder Hawk was a cultural educator at Loneman School in Oglala and Witt is a cultural specialist for the Lakota Waldorf School near Kyle. Both participated in the Native American Church – Thunder Hawk as a roadman, Witt as an ordained minister.
And for nearly 20 years, the two men were married to sisters. They shared family gatherings, prayed together in ceremonies and even adopted each other’s children in the Lakota way. Witt became Thunder Hawk’s son’s hunka father, and Thunder Hawk became Witt’s daughter’s hunka father.
Eventually, however, both men’s wives left them, but years later tried to reunite with their ex-husbands. It was there that the two men’s paths diverged.
When their wives were away from them, Thunder Hawk would express his hope to Witt that his wife would return to him. Thunder Hawk shared his belief that his wife still loved him and would eventually realize that. Witt, however, struggled to forgive his own wife.
“I didn’t take her back, but he ended up doing that for his,” Witt said. “That’s the kind of heart he had.”
Now Thunder Hawk’s wife must say goodbye to the man who took her back, and Witt will say prayers one more time for the man who walked beside him for so many years.
This story is co-published by the Rapid City Journal and ICT, a news partnership that covers Indigenous communities in the South Dakota area.
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